Quantum Computers

Quantum Computing

A quantum computer can store multiple numbers at once and it can process them simultaneously as well. Instead of doing a series of things one at a time in a sequence, it can work on multiple things at the same time.

                    If I were to tell you that, in near future, you will not need the internet to communicate because data will be teleported, you would be like “What the heck? This is no sci-fi movie!” But the truth is, there is already research going on called quantum teleportation. Surprised? I was too.

                   But before getting into the unimaginable possibilities of quantum computing, lets first understand what quantum computing is and how it differs from conventional computers.

   

                If you studied light (it’s okay if you don’t remember) you may already know something about quantum theory. A beam of light sometimes behaves like it’s made up of particles and sometimes like it is waves of energy – this is one of the ideas that come to us from quantum theory. It’s hard to grasp that something can be two things at once – a particle and a wave, for example – because this is totally alien to our everyday experience. After all, car cannot simultaneously be both a bicycle and a bus. In quantum theory, however, that’s just the kind of crazy thing that can happen.

    

                      But what does this have to do with computers? Suppose we keep on pushing Moore’s Law; keep making transistors smaller until they get to the point where they obey not the ordinary laws of physics (like old-fashioned transistors) but the more bizarre laws of quantum mechanics. The question is whether computers designed this way can do things conventional computers can’t. If we are able to mathematically predict that they might be able to, can we actually make them work like that in practice?

Conventional digital computers work on the principle that the data is encoded on bits which is always either zero or one and I believe this is one of the many reasons they are easily hacked. Quantum computers, on the other hand, work on Qubit. A qubit can store a zero, a one, both zero and one, or an infinite number of values in between and be in multiple states (store multiple values) at the same time. Sound confusing? Refer to the above example of light being a particle and a wave at the same time or a car being a bicycle and a bus. A gentler way to think of the numbers qubits store is through the physics concept of superposition (where two waves add to make a third one that contains both of the originals)

So, if a quantum computer can store multiple numbers at once, it can process them simultaneously as well. Instead of doing a series of things one at a time in a sequence, it can work on multiple things at the same time.

Another topic quantum computing touches upon is cryptography. For me, this is quite exciting, because two technologies that I know about are racing to achieve security through cryptography. Yes, you guessed it, I’m talking about blockchain and quantum computing. The question is, which will prevail? Or will we segregate the use of each technology according to the use case? Let’s see what the future holds, I will also try and do the research and post another blog on the topic.

Quantum physics:

What is quantum physics? Put simply, it's the physics that explains how everything works: the best description we have of the nature of the particles that make up matter and the forces with which they interact. Quantum physics underlies how atoms work, and so why chemistry and biology work as they do.

  Quantum computers are working on the principle of Quantum physics

Quantum physics is different from the day-to-day physics (classical physics), it does not obey the principle of quantum physics. It's hardly to explain about because it may be or may not be happened, more physicst were failed while explaining this. But one of  the famous physicst Erwin Schrodinger had explain about it by proposing cat theory.

Schrodinger Cat theory:- You might think what is cat theory and how it would relate with the quantum physics, it's nothing but  a 2 cats are put into a box and they are seperated as one box is kept in the earth and another one kept in the space, the two boxes has poison kept inside. The probability of the cat die is:- the two may be died nor the one cat can be survived. That like the electrons inside the atoms may be spin various superposition. And by this theory we are computing the quantum computers as the electrons are passed to an atom by Q-bits (0 or 1).

Do know more about:-

Quantum physics & Mechanics:- click here

Cat theory wikipedia:- click here

cat theory tamil explanation:- click here

Quantum superposition:

                         Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of Quantum mechanics, it states that, much like, waves in classic physics, any two or more quantum states can be added together and the result together and the result will be another valid quantum state and conversely, that every quantum state can be represented as a sum of two or more distinct states. mathematically, it refers to a property of solutions to the schrodinger; since the schrodinger equation is linear, any linear combination of solutions will also be a solutions.

                       An example of a physically observable manifestation of the wave nature of quantum systems is the interference peaks from an electron beam in a double slit experiment. The pattern is very similar to the one obtained by diffraction of classical waves.

To know more about it:- Click here 

Quantum Tunneling:

Quantum tunnelling or tunneling (US) is the quantum mechanical phenomenon where a wavefunction can propagate through a potential barrier. The transmission through the barrier can be finite and depends exponentially on the barrier height and barrier width. The wavefunction does not disappear on one side and reappear on the other side. The wavefunction and its first derivative are continuous. In steady state the probability flux in the forward direction is spatially uniform.

Quantum computers on GOOGLE:-

Google AI Quantum is advancing quantum computing by developing quantum processors and novel quantum algorithms to help researchers and developers solve near-term problems both theoretical and practical. We think quantum computing will help us develop the innovations of tomorrow, including AI.

• Superconducting qubits with chip-based scalable architecture targeting two-qubit gate error < 0.5%.
• Reducing two-qubit loss below 0.2% is critical for error correction. We are working on a quantum supremacy experiment, to approximately sample a quantum circuit beyond the capabilities of state-of-the-art classical computers and algorithms.
• Developing a framework to implement a quantum neural network on near-term processors. We are interested in understanding what advantages may arise from generating massive superposition states during operation of the network.

"Qauntum computers on google are help the search faster than the normal computers, 3 million searches in just 200 seconds"

About google team:- reference

May be in future all would use Quantum computers instead of classic computers.

Thank you!